Solar Fountains

This activity demonstrates how solar energy is transformed into electricity that we can use. Students will use solar panels to power a small water pump and build a functioning fountain. In doing so, they will learn how a solar panel works, collect data and test variables, and apply their observations to their engineering process as they improve their designs.

The Details

Image
Grades
10, 
11, 
12, 
2, 
3, 
4, 
5, 
6, 
7, 
8, 
and 9.
Time Required
1-2 class periods

Next Generation Science Standards

Disciplinary Core Ideas

  • ETS1.A Defining and Delimiting an Engineering Problem
  • ETS1.B Developing Possible Solutions
  • PS1.A Structure and Properties of Matter
  • PS3.C
  • Cross-Cutting Concepts

  • Cause and Effect
  • Patterns
  • Learning Objectives

    • Know the fundamental aspects of a solar panel and understand how placement and orientation affect its power output
    • Be able to use the scientific method to isolate and adjust variables in a solar powered fountain
    • Understand power measurement and energy concepts, using a small water pump
    • Be able to use basic engineering, art and design skills to create a one-of-a-kind solar fountain

    Materials

    • Trays
    • Plasticine
    • Water pump
    • Solar panel 3V 500mA (recommended size and power)
    • Small tube 1/8″
    • Medium tube 1/4″
    • Large tube 3/8″
    • Scissors
    • Water
    • Towel
    • Lamp (or good sunlight)
    • High wattage incandescent bulb (100 watts or higher)
    • Compact fluorescent bulb (optional)
    • LED bulb (optional)
    • Ruler
    • Protractor
    • Color acetate sheets (optional)
    • Alternative fountain building material such as plastic bottles, large basins for water, more plasticine, straws, etc.